Association of Arginase-1 Gene and Immunoglobulin E Levels with Asthma Severity in Erbil City Patients
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15218/edj.2025.12Keywords:
Asthma, arginase-1 gene, IgE, FEV1Abstract
Background and Objectives: Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that affects the airways and is a major health issue worldwide. We aimed to examine some of these factors.
Methods: The arginase-1 gene detected in 50 healthy individuals and 50 in the patients group. Then the level of arginase-1 enzyme examined by using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) by Cobas e 411.
Results: This study found substantial differences in arginase-1 and IgE means between controls and asthmatics. The severe group had the highest mean AGR1 2.35±0.45, whereas the control group had the lowest 0.52±0.27. The severe group had the greatest mean IgE 1285±518.6, whereas the control group had the lowest 53.27±30.45. The arginase gene was found in all participants, but BMI did not affect asthma severity.
Conclusions: ARG1 gene found in both patients and healthy people. ARG1 enzyme and IgE significantly associated with the severity of asthma in Erbil city.
References
Caruso C, Canonica GW, Patel M, Smith A, Liu MC, Alfonso-Cristancho R, et al. Prospective REALITI-A Study: 2-Year Real-World Benefits of Mepolizumab in Severe Asthma. CHEST Pulmonary. 2025;3(1):100107.
Dharmage SC, Perret JL, Custovic A. Epidemiology of Asthma in Children and Adults. Frontiers in pediatrics. 2019;7:246.
Al-Habib OAM, Issa HY, Dastan T, Dastan SD, Ramadhan AA, Selamoglu Z. Inflammatory protein levels in asthmatic bronchitis: A study in the Duhok population, Iraq. Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators. 2025;176:106942.
Gillissen A, Paparoupa M. Inflammation and infections in asthma. The clinical respiratory journal. 2015;9(3):257-69.
Carroll WD, Lenney W, Child F, Strange RC, Jones PW, Whyte MK, et al. Asthma severity and atopy: how clear is the relationship? Archives of disease in childhood. 2006;91(5):405-9.
Benson RC, Hardy KA, Morris CR. Arginase and arginine dysregulation in asthma. Journal of allergy. 2011;2011:736319.
Lovinsky-Desir S, Miller RL. Epigenetics, asthma, and allergic diseases: a review of the latest advancements. Current allergy and asthma reports. 2012;12(3):211-20.
Barnes KC, Freidhoff LR, Nickel R, Chiu YF, Juo SH, Hizawa N, et al. Dense mapping of chromosome 12q13.12-q23.3 and linkage to asthma and atopy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 1999;104(2 Pt 1):485-91.
Lin X, Ren X, Xiao X, Yang Z, Yao S, Wong GW, et al. Important Role of Immunological Responses to Environmental Exposure in the Development of Allergic Asthma. Allergy, asthma & immunology research. 2020;12(6):934-48.
Stone KD, Prussin C, Metcalfe DD. IgE, mast cells, basophils, and eosinophils. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2010;125(2 Suppl 2):S73-80.
Sparkes RS, Dizikes GJ, Klisak I, Grody WW, Mohandas T, Heinzmann C, et al. The gene for human liver arginase (ARG1) is assigned to chromosome band 6q23. American journal of human genetics. 1986;39(2):186-93.
Baldo S, Buccheri S, Ballo A, Camarda M, La Magna A, Castagna ME, et al. Carbon nanotube-based sensing devices for human Arginase-1 detection. Sensing and Bio-Sensing Research. 2016;7:168-73.
Caldwell RW, Rodriguez PC, Toque HA, Narayanan SP, Caldwell RB. Arginase: A Multifaceted Enzyme Important in Health and Disease. Physiological reviews. 2018;98(2):641-65.
Maarsingh H, Zaagsma J, Meurs H. Arginase: a key enzyme in the pathophysiology of allergic asthma opening novel therapeutic perspectives. British journal of pharmacology. 2009;158(3):652-64.
Saradna A, Do DC, Kumar S, Fu QL, Gao P. Macrophage polarization and allergic asthma. Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine. 2018;191:1-14.
Fried R, Carlton RM, Fried DA. Chapter 3 - Tumor starvation by L-arginine deprivation. In: Fried R, Carlton RM, Fried DA, editors. Starving Cancer Cells: Evidence-Based Strategies to Slow Cancer Progression: Academic Press; 2021. p. 25-111.
Maarsingh H, Bossenga BE, Bos IST, Volders HH, Zaagsma J, Meurs H. l-Arginine deficiency causes airway hyperresponsiveness after the late asthmatic reaction. European Respiratory Journal. 2009;34(1):191-9.
S. Clemente G, van Waarde A, F. Antunes I, Dömling A, H. Elsinga P. Arginase as a Potential Biomarker of Disease Progression: A Molecular Imaging Perspective. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2020;21(15):5291.
Xu W, Ghosh S, Comhair S, Asosingh K, Janocha A, Mavrakis D, et al. Increased mitochondrial arginine metabolism supports bioenergetics in asthma. Journal of Clinical Investigation. 2016;126.
Global Initiative for Asthma G. Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention. Updated 2008 ed: Global Initiative for Asthma; 2008.
Anupama N, Moleyar V, Haleagrahara N, Bhat M. The serum Immunoglobulin E level reflects the severity of bronchial Asthma. THAI JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGICAL SCIENCES Volume. 2006;18.
Donthi S, Neela VSK, Gaddam S, Mohammed HH, Ansari SS, Valluri VL, et al. Association of increased risk of asthma with elevated arginase & interleukin-13 levels in serum & rs2781666 G/T genotype of arginase I. The Indian journal of medical research. 2018;148(2):159-68.
Kole TM, Muiser S, Kraft M, Siddiqui S, Fabbri LM, Rabe KF, et al. Sex differences in asthma control, lung function and exacerbations: the ATLANTIS study. BMJ open respiratory research. 2024;11(1).
Senna G, Latorre M, Bugiani M, Caminati M, Heffler E, Morrone D, et al. Sex Differences in Severe Asthma: Results From Severe Asthma Network in Italy-SANI. Allergy, asthma & immunology research. 2021;13(2):219-28.
Hansen S, Probst-Hensch N, Keidel D, Dratva J, Bettschart R, Pons M, et al. Gender differences in adult-onset asthma: results from the Swiss SAPALDIA cohort study. European Respiratory Journal. 2015;46(4):1011-20.
Cephus J, Stier MT, Fuseini H, Toki S, Bloodworth MH, Zhou W, et al. Testosterone attenuates group 2 innate lymphoid cell cytokine expression and innate immune-mediated airway inflammation. Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology. 2017;139(2):AB73.
Han YY, Yan Q, Yang G, Chen W, Forno E, Celedon JC. Serum free testosterone and asthma, asthma hospitalisations and lung function in British adults. Thorax. 2020;75(10):849-54.
Cephus JY, Stier MT, Fuseini H, Yung JA, Toki S, Bloodworth MH, et al. Testosterone Attenuates Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cell-Mediated Airway Inflammation. Cell reports. 2017;21(9):2487-99.
Mokra D, Barosova R, Mokry J. Sex-Based Differences in Bronchial Asthma: What Are the Mechanisms behind Them? Applied Sciences. 2023;13:2694.
Dominelli PB, Ripoll JG, Cross TJ, Baker SE, Wiggins CC, Welch BT, et al. Sex differences in large conducting airway anatomy. Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md : 1985). 2018;125(3):960-5.
Chittleborough CR, Taylor AW, Dal Grande E, Gill TK, Grant JF, Adams RJ, et al. Gender differences in asthma prevalence: variations with socioeconomic disadvantage. Respirology (Carlton, Vic). 2010;15(1):107-14.
Mohammad A, Said A, Al-Naqshbandi A, Amin Y, Jalal R. Association of the Arginase Ι with Bronchial Asthma. 2019.
Maalej S, Yaacoub Z, Fakhfekh R, Yaalaoui S, Kheder AB, Drira I. Association of obesity with asthma severity, control and quality of life. Tanaffos. 2012;11(1):38-43.
Lara A, Khatri SB, Wang Z, Comhair SA, Xu W, Dweik RA, et al. Alterations of the arginine metabolome in asthma. American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine. 2008;178(7):673-81.
Torres J, Martínez M, Chavez E, García D, Antelo A. 299 Association of Asthma and IGE Levels: World Allergy Organ J. 2012 Feb 17;5(Suppl 2):S114. doi: 10.1097/01.WOX.0000412056.12941.dc. eCollection 2012 Feb.
Al-Saimary I, Mezban F. Estimation of serum inflammatory cytokines( IL-4, IL 10 and IL 17) and total IgE concentrations in patients with bronchial asthma by ELISA technique. Journal of Medical Research and Health Sciences. 2021;4:1151-5.
Khasawneh R, Al-Hiary M, Al-Abadi B, Bani-Salameh A, Al-Momani S. Total and Specific Immunoglobulin E for Detection of Most Prevalent Aeroallergens in a Jordanian Cohort. Medical archives (Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina). 2019;73(4):272-5.
Donthi S, Neela V, Latha G, Mohammed H, Ansari S, Valluri V, et al. Association of increased risk of asthma with elevated arginase & interleukin-13 levels in serum & rs2781666 G/T genotype of arginase I. Indian Journal of Medical Research. 2018;148:159.
Li H, Romieu I, Sienra-Monge JJ, Ramirez-Aguilar M, Estela Del Rio-Navarro B, Kistner EO, et al. Genetic polymorphisms in arginase I and II and childhood asthma and atopy. The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. 2006;117(1):119-26.
Ali K. an investigation into the effect of cigarette smoking on the severity and control of asthma in adults in Sulaimani City2020.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jihad Abdulrazzaq Sulaiman, Ashti Mohammad Amin (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright on any article published in Erbil Dental Journal is retained by the author(s) in agreement with the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
