Effect of Aloe vera gel on the parotid glands of streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino rats: histological and immunohistochemical study.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15218/edj.2022.9Keywords:
Aloe vera, Streptozotocin induced diabetic, Parotid salivary gland, Ki-67, Caspase-3Abstract
Background and Objectives: Diabetes mellitus is a disease of international health threat. Among several plants, Aloe vera extract has antidiabetic action thereby validating the rationale of its use in medicine. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Aloe vera gel on parotid gland of streptozotocin-induced diabetic male albino rats, and also effect of diabetes on the parotid glands.
Methods: Diabetes mellitus was induced in rats by intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg Streptozotocin dissolved in saline solution. A total of 40 adult albino rats were divided equally into 4 groups. The groups consist of normal untreated group, normal treated with Aloe vera gel group (300mg/kg/day administered orally once daily for 21 consecutive days), untreated diabetes mellitus group and diabetes mellitus treated with Aloe vera gel (300mg/kg/day administered orally once daily for 21consecutive days). The parotid salivary glands of all animals were dissected after 2 months and prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examinations. The change in body weight also was measured.
Results: Histopathological examination of the parotid salivary glands in the diabetic group revealed a loss of the standard glandular architecture, including the acini, duct, and connective tissue stroma. Most of these alterations and degenerative changes disappeared or were markedly decreased in the group treated with Aloe vera gel.
Conclusion: Aloe vera gel had a noticeable antidiabetic effect on Streptozotocin-induced diabetic alterations in the parotid salivary glands of rats. Hence, Aloe vera gel may be beneficial as a dietary supplement for reducing diabetes complications.
References
Standards of Medical care in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2019;42(Suppl_1):S1-S2.
Yang P, Feng J, Peng Q, Liu X, Fan Z Advanced glycation end products: potential mechanism and therapeutic target in cardiovascular complications under diabetes. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2019; 6;9570616.
Ugwueze CV, Ezeokpo BC, Nnolim BI, Agim EA. Anikpo NC, Onyekachi KE. COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: The Link and Clinical Implications. Dubai Diabetes Endocrinol J. 2020; 26:69–77.
Hsu TC, Chiu CC, Lin HL, Kao TW, Chen LJ, Wu LY, et al. Attenuated effects of deep-sea water on hepatic apoptosis in STZ-induced diabetic rats. Chin J Physiol. 2015; 58,197–205.
Emordi JE, Agbaje EO, Oreagba IA, Iribhogbe OI. Antidiabetic and hypolipidemic activities of hydroethanolic root extract of Uvaria chamae in streptozotocin induced diabetic albino rats. BMC Complement Altern Med. 2016;16:468.
Kumar R, Singh AK, Gupta A, Bishayee A, Pandey AK. Therapeutic potential of Aloe vera—A miracle gift of nature. Phytomedicine. 2019;60:152996.
Khajeeyan R, Salehi A, Movahhedi Dehnavi M, Farajee H, Amin Kohanmoo M. Physiological and yield responses of Aloe vera plant to biofertilizers under different irrigation regimes. Agric Water Manag. 2019;225:105768.
Chacón O, Forno N, Lapierre L, Muñoz R, Fresno M, San Martín B. Effect of Aloe barbadensis Miller (Aloe vera) associated with beta-lactam antibiotics on the occurrence of resistance in strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus uberis. Eur J Integr Med 2019; 32:100996.
Sahu P, Giri D, Singh R, Pandey P, Gupta S, Shrivastava A, et al. Therapeutic and Medicinal Uses of Aloe vera: A Review. Pharmacol Pharm. 2013;4:599–610.
Noor A, Gunasekaran S, Vijayalakshmi MA. Improvement of insulin secretion and pancreatic βcell function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with Aloe vera extract. Pharmacogn. Res. 2017;9:99.
Yasser S, Shon AA. Histomorphometric and Immunohistochemical Study Comparing the Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on the Acini of the Sublingual and Submandibular Salivary Glands of Albino Rats. Maced J Med Sci. 2020;8(A):49–54.
Wallner-Liebmann S, Tenori L, Mazzoleni A, Dieber-Rothenederm M, Konrad M, Hofmann P, et al. Individual Human Metabolic Phenotype Analyzed by 1H NMR of Saliva Samples. J. Proteom. Res. 2016;15:1787–93.
Slavish DC, Graham-Engeland JE, Smyth JM, Engeland CG. Salivary markers of inflammation in response to acute stress. Brain Behav. Immun. 2015;44:253–269.
Rossi L, Laas E, Mallon P, Vincent-Salomon A, Guinebretiere J, Lerebours F, et al. Prognostic impact of discrepant Ki67 and mitotic index on hormone receptorpositive, HER2-negative breast carcinoma. Br J Cancer. 2015;113: 996–1002.
Sharma B, Siddiqui S, Ram G, Chaudhary M, Sharma G. Hypoglycemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Processed Aloe vera Gel in a Mice Model of Alloxan Induced Diabetes Mellitus. J Diabetes Metab. 2013;4:303.
Al-Attar AM, Zari TA. Modulatory effects of ginger and clove oils on physiological responses in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Pharmacol. 2007;3:34–40.
Hamman JH. Composition and Applications of Aloe vera Leaf Gel. Molecules. 2008;13:1599–616.
Deeds MC, Anderson JM, Armstrong AS, Gastineau DA, Hiddinga HJ, Jahangir A, et al. Single dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes: Considerations for study design in islet transplantation models. Lab Anim. 2011;45:131–40.
Jonjic S. Surgical removal of mouse salivary glands. Curr Protoc Immunol. Chapter I; Unit I.II, 2001.
Seleit IA, Asaad N, Maree A, Abdel Wahed M. Immunohistochemical expression of p53 and Ki67 in cutaneous lupus erythematosus. J Egypt Women Dermatol Soc. 2010;7:5–15.
Cagnon VHA, Camargo AM, Rosa RM, Fabiani R, Padovani CR, Martinez FE. Ultrastructural study of the ventral lobe of the prostate of mice with streptozoticin induced diabetes (C57BL/6J). Tissue Cell. 2000;32:275–83.
Conget I. Diagnosis, classification and cathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. Rev Esp Cardiol. 2002;55:528–38.
Caldeira EJ, Garcia PJ, Minatel E, Camilli JC, Cagnon VHA. Morphometric analysis and ultrastructure of the epithelium of the oral mucosa in diabetic autoimmune NOD mice. Braz J Morphol Sci. 2004;21:197–205.
Anderson LC. Effects of alloxan diabetes and insulin in vivo on rat parotid gland. Am J Physiol. 1983;245:G431–G7.
Amano O, Mizobe K, Bando Y, Sakiyama K. Anatomy and histology of rodent and human major salivary glands: -overview of the Japan salivary gland society-sponsored workshop-. Acta Histochem Cytochem. 2012;45(5):241–50,
Carda C, Mosquera-Lloreda N, Salom L, Gomez de Ferraris ME and Peydró A. Structural and functional salivary disorders in type 2 diabetic patients. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. 2006;11:E309–E314.
Teng YJ, Chen P, Zhao HT, Yang XF, Nian H, Dong DW: The effect of ginkgo biloba extract on morphological character of parotid gland and submandibular gland of diabetic rats. Acta Chin Med Pharmacol. 2011; 39:21–23.
Takai N, Uchihashi K, Yoshida Y, Kakudo Y. Salivational and histological damage of submandibular and sublingual glands in Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Osaka Dent Univ. 1983; 17:65–72.
Pozzilli P, Signore A, Williams AJ, Beales PE. Nod mouse colonies around the world-recent facts and figures. Immunol Today. 1993;14:193–6.
Humphreys-Beher MG, Yamachika S, Yamamoto H, Maeda N, Nakagawa Y, Peck AB, et al. Salivary gland changes in the nod mouse model for sjo¨gren’s syndrome: is there a non-immune genetic trigger? Eur J Morphol. 1998;36:247–51.
Yamano S, Atkinson JC, Baum BJ, Fox PC. Salivary gland cytokine expression in nod and normal balb/c mice. Clin Immunol. 1999;92:265–75.
Liu K, Paterson AJ, Chin E, Kudlow JE. Glucose stimulates protein modification by O-linked GlcNAc in pancreatic ß cells: linkage of O-linked GlcNAc to ß cell death. Proc Natl Acad Sci. 2000;97:2820–5.
Konrad RJ, Mikolaenko I, Tolar JF, Liu K, Kudlow JE. The potential mechanism of the diabetogenic action of streptozotocin: inhibition of pancreatic ß-cell O-GlcNAc-selective N-acetyl-ß-Dglucosaminidase. Biochem J. 2001;356:31–41.
Alikhani Z, Alikhani M, Boyd C, Nagao K, Trackman P, Graves D. Advanced glycation end products enhance expression of pro-apoptotic genes and stimulate fibroblast apoptosis through cytoplasmic and mitochondrial pathways. J Biol Chem. 2005;280:12087–95.
Joussen AM, Poulaki V, Mitsiades N, Cai WY, Suzuma I, Pak J, et al. Suppression of Fas-FasLinduced endothelial cell apoptosis prevents diabetic blood-retinal barrier breakdown in a model of streptozotocin-induced diabetes. FASEB J. 2003;17:76–8.
Riedl SJ, Shi Y. Molecular mechanisms of caspase regulation during apoptosis. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2004;5:897–907.
López-Cervantes J, Sánchez-Machado DI, CruzFlores P, Mariscal-Domínguez MF, Servín de la Mora-López G, Campas-Baypoli ON. Antioxidant capacity, proximate composition, and lipid constituents of Aloe vera flowers. J Appl Res Med. Aroma, 2018;10:93–8.
Arora MK, Sarup Y, Tomar R, Singh M, Kumar P. Amelioration of diabetes-induced diabetic nephropathy by Aloe vera: Implication of oxidative stress and hyperlipidemia. J Diet Suppl. 2019;16:227–44.
Nejaim Y, Silva AV, Vasconcelos TV, Silva EJNL, de Almeida SM. Evaluation of radioprotective effect of aloe vera and zinc/copper compounds against salivary dysfunction in irradiated rats. J Oral Sci. 2014;56:191–4.
Donath MY, Shoelson SE. Type 2 diabetes as an inflammatory disease. Nature Reviews Immunology. 2011;11:98–107.
Lanjhiyana S, Garabadu D, Ahirwar D, Bigoniya P, Rana AC, Patra KC, et al. Antihyperglycemic potential of Aloe vera gel in experimental animal model. Ann Biol Res. 2011;2:17–31.
Kim K, Chung MH, Park S, Cha J, Baek JH, Lee SY, Choi SY. ER stress attenuation by Aloe-derived polysaccharides in the protection of pancreatic β-cells from free fatty acid-induced lipotoxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018;500:797–803.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Shukria Mohammed Hussein (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
The copyright on any article published in Erbil Dental Journal is retained by the author(s) in agreement with the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike License (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
