Hematological study of patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis - Case control study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15218/edj.2021.12Keywords:
Hemoglobin, Ferritin, Folic acid, Vitamin B12, Recurrent aphthous stomatitisAbstract
Background and Objectives: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is common oral condition, characterized by multiple, recurrent, small, round, or ovoid ulcers with circumscribed, erythematous haloes, and yellow or grey floors. Its etiology and pathogenesis is not entirely clear linked to systemic diseases and among these, anemia, iron deficiency, folic- acid, and vitamin B12 deficiencies. The aim of this study to investigate the association between recurrent aphthous stomatitis and hemoglobin, serum ferritin, folic acid, and vitamin B12 deficiency.
Patient and Methods: This prospective cross sectional case control clinical study was conducted on 50 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. The control group composed of 50 healthy age and sex-matched subject. The patient demography about family history of recurrent aphthous stomatitis, and smoking was recorded, also the hemoglobin, serum levels of ferritin, folic acid, and vitamin B12 has been investigated.
Results: The low hemoglobin was reported in 30% and vitamin B 12 deficiency in 31% of the patient so low hemoglobin and B12 deficiency have significant correlation with recurrent aphthous stomatitis. Patients with low hemoglobin, vitamin B12 deficiency , positive family history, and non smoker have been found to have the highest risk for having recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
Conclusion: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is a multifactorial disease. Positive family history, low hemoglobin level , vitamin B12 deficiency, and nonsmoking status are among the important predisposing factors. Routine hematological screening and tests for iron status, folic acid, and vitamin B12 status should be assessed in all patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis.
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