The Effect of Coca-Cola on the Compressive Strength of Three Restorative Materials Used in Pediatric Dentistry: An In Vitro Comparative Evaluation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15218/edj.2026.10Keywords:
Compressive Strength, Pediatric Dentistry, Glass Ionomer Cements, Compomers, Giomers, Carbonated Beverages, Dental MaterialsAbstract
Background and Objective: The consumption of acidic soft drinks has become common in young children, and their effects on teeth and restorative materials have become a concern for dentists. This in vitro study aimed to compare and analyze the compressive strength of three commonly used restorative materials in pediatric dentistry, Glass Ionomer Cement (GIC), Compomer, and Giomer, after immersion in Coca-Cola (as an acidic beverage) and distilled water (DW) (as a control).
Materials and Methods: Sixty cylindrical specimens were fabricated and divided into three main groups (n=20) for each material, and further randomly subdivided into two equal subgroups (n=10). Each subgroup was then immersed in either Coca-Cola or distilled water for seven days, with the liquids being changed every day. Compressive strength was tested using a Universal Testing Machine. The data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s HSD post hoc test. The percentage of reduction of strength was also calculated for each material.
Results: All materials showed a statistically significant decrease in compressive strength after Coca-Cola exposure, p < 0.001. The mean compressive strengths of Giomer, Compomer, and GIC in distilled water were 276.85 MPa, 182.89 MPa and 103.7 MPa, respectively. The reduction in strength from distilled water to Coca-Cola for Compomer, Giomer, and GIC was 18.69%, 15.28%, and 11.97%, respectively.
Conclusion: Acidic exposure from beverages like Coca-Cola reduces the compressive strength of restorative materials, with Compomer being the most affected. GIC showed the highest resistance to acidic degradation, which may be attributed to the absence of a resin matrix.
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